Next generation construction system, which works as efficient as the manufacturing industry, has to be developed.
Current problems in the construction industry:
-architect engineers create the construction plan for each phase,
-information flow is one-way (from the design phase to the construction phase)
-because no feedback such as the optimized material partition plan is required from the construction phase back to the design phase, a productivity is low
-difficult to determine the best sequence and the best route to transform the materials
On contrast in the manufacturing industry it is common:
-to be cost effective, by production planning, which concludes the standardization of the materials,better line designs in the factories, and cost analysis.
-architect engineers create the construction plan for each phase,
-information flow is one-way (from the design phase to the construction phase)
-because no feedback such as the optimized material partition plan is required from the construction phase back to the design phase, a productivity is low
-difficult to determine the best sequence and the best route to transform the materials
On contrast in the manufacturing industry it is common:
-to be cost effective, by production planning, which concludes the standardization of the materials,better line designs in the factories, and cost analysis.
Currently construction companies have been developing the automated construction system, aiming at the level of efficiency as with the manufacturing industry.
The system will help us establish the construction plans in the early stage of the planning, including the optimized materials and labor assignment.
The system will help us establish the construction plans in the early stage of the planning, including the optimized materials and labor assignment.
At the construction site, the real-time intelligent system should be able to monitor and judge the construction phase, based on the actual achievements. These two systems should be integrated together by sharing the same project database.
New intelligent system
-uses the modelling technology and the optimization technology for each planning stage, during the preliminary planning phase when CAD data is not available.
-the construction planning manager still evaluate the basic construction method, while this system keeps simulating the schedules with various parameters
-Database has been merged into Project Database, which will be shared among the distributed system
Operation flow:
The system consists of the simulator and four subsystems: Project Input subsystem, Project Database subsystem, Best sequence of Material Attachment Determination subsystem, and Result Display subsystem:
Step 1: Based on drawings and specifications, a building model and a temporary work plan are input by Project Input subsystem
Step 2: Confirm the construction condition (default values of work time, work procedure, number of labor, work ratio, experience, coefficient of variation) and modify them if necessary.
Step 3: Output a cycle schedule, time chart total schedule, labor chart, operation ratio of the cranes, animation of the construction process, base on the output of the simulator (Inference Engine)
Step 4: Evaluate the output in term of security, cost, analysis, work period, quality.
Step 5: Optimize labor, machines, and materials
Step 6: Feedback the optimized construction plan to the design
Project Input subsystem:
This subsystem enables to input of the material data needed to create a construction plan in a short period and capable to establish the temporary work plan including cranes, stock yields, temporary office, a site.
-after drawing the centre lines, this subsystem automatically generates three dimensional object data of frameworks such as columns, beams, floors and facings.
-the default dimension of each framework is calculated automatically based on the height of the floor, the length of the span, the area of the floor and the common knowledge for a steel frame office building.
-by changing the attributes such as dimensions, materials, shapes of the frameworks, merging, deleting, and moving the frameworks on the referenced floor, the building model necessary for the construction plan can be easily created.
-Next step is to locate cranes, stock yields, temporary enclosures.
Project database subsystem:
All the resources such as materials, cranes, labor, are stored as objects to handle various construction methods. Among those objects, objects that are influenced by the special limitation can be modified in this subsystem.
-the construction planning manager still evaluate the basic construction method, while this system keeps simulating the schedules with various parameters
-Database has been merged into Project Database, which will be shared among the distributed system
The system consists of the simulator and four subsystems: Project Input subsystem, Project Database subsystem, Best sequence of Material Attachment Determination subsystem, and Result Display subsystem:
Step 1: Based on drawings and specifications, a building model and a temporary work plan are input by Project Input subsystem
Step 2: Confirm the construction condition (default values of work time, work procedure, number of labor, work ratio, experience, coefficient of variation) and modify them if necessary.
Step 3: Output a cycle schedule, time chart total schedule, labor chart, operation ratio of the cranes, animation of the construction process, base on the output of the simulator (Inference Engine)
Step 4: Evaluate the output in term of security, cost, analysis, work period, quality.
Step 5: Optimize labor, machines, and materials
Step 6: Feedback the optimized construction plan to the design
Project Input subsystem:
This subsystem enables to input of the material data needed to create a construction plan in a short period and capable to establish the temporary work plan including cranes, stock yields, temporary office, a site.
-after drawing the centre lines, this subsystem automatically generates three dimensional object data of frameworks such as columns, beams, floors and facings.
-the default dimension of each framework is calculated automatically based on the height of the floor, the length of the span, the area of the floor and the common knowledge for a steel frame office building.
-by changing the attributes such as dimensions, materials, shapes of the frameworks, merging, deleting, and moving the frameworks on the referenced floor, the building model necessary for the construction plan can be easily created.
-Next step is to locate cranes, stock yields, temporary enclosures.
Project database subsystem:
All the resources such as materials, cranes, labor, are stored as objects to handle various construction methods. Among those objects, objects that are influenced by the special limitation can be modified in this subsystem.
Best sequence of the material attachment determine subsystem:
Materials, labor, cranes and performance are all pre-compiled for efficiency purpose and all stored in the form of tables. Tracker select the possible items in each table and creates the conflict set. According to the inference strategy resolve the conflict set, execute the movement and record it to the tracker, and update the conflict set based on the previous action. This inference is repeated until all the conflicts are resolved
Simulation result display subsystem.
This subsystem is to show the overall plan produced by the simulator systematically. The output information consists of the labor, materials, and the schedule of cranes both in hourly and daily basis.
Materials, labor, cranes and performance are all pre-compiled for efficiency purpose and all stored in the form of tables. Tracker select the possible items in each table and creates the conflict set. According to the inference strategy resolve the conflict set, execute the movement and record it to the tracker, and update the conflict set based on the previous action. This inference is repeated until all the conflicts are resolved
Simulation result display subsystem.
This subsystem is to show the overall plan produced by the simulator systematically. The output information consists of the labor, materials, and the schedule of cranes both in hourly and daily basis.
Simulator
The procedure to obtain the best process plan has been show so far using subsystems described above. This system optimizes the overall construction plan by means of three level simulations using the object database
Result of the simulation:
Only 15 minutes was used to input the building model in the system, another 25 minutes was used by the system for simulation. Modifying the parameters by the first and second level simulators took approximately 33 minutes. An architectural engineer with 5 year experience tried to create the same construction plan without this system. It took him 5 hours to create the construction plan, another 4 hours to output the construction table, the labor chart, the material chart and the operation ration of the cranes, which were not optimized. Therefore, the system reduced the labor force by 90%.
The procedure to obtain the best process plan has been show so far using subsystems described above. This system optimizes the overall construction plan by means of three level simulations using the object database
Result of the simulation:
Only 15 minutes was used to input the building model in the system, another 25 minutes was used by the system for simulation. Modifying the parameters by the first and second level simulators took approximately 33 minutes. An architectural engineer with 5 year experience tried to create the same construction plan without this system. It took him 5 hours to create the construction plan, another 4 hours to output the construction table, the labor chart, the material chart and the operation ration of the cranes, which were not optimized. Therefore, the system reduced the labor force by 90%.
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